He was born in Nancy-France. He received the B.
S., M. S. and Ph. D., all in Electrical Engineering from EPUSP-Escola Politécnica da Universidade
de São Paulo, in 1972, 1981, and 1989, respectively. From 1974 to 1978 he
was with FDTE-Fundação
para o Desenvolvimento Tecnológico
da Engenharia as a member of Technical Staff on
the development of Communication Systems. From 1978 to 1990 as Instructor he
taught part-time at EPUSP and he was with FDTE and FUSP-Fundação
de Apoio à Universidade de
São Paulo where he was engaged as Technical
Leader in various development programs of Communication Systems to industry
and government. Since 1990 he has been with EPUSP where he is full-time
Assistant Professor, Associate since 1992 and Full Professor since 2005, and
Researcher in Communication Systems. Co-ordinator of LCS-Laboratório de
Comunicações e Sinais
of EPUSP in 1995/97, 1999/01 and 2003/05. President of the Undergraduate
Commission of EPUSP in 2008/14. Associate Provost of the Undergraduate Studies
of USP from 03/2011 to 01/2014. General Co-Chairmen of ITS'98-International
Telecommunications Symposium, sponsored by SBrT - Sociedade Brasileira de Telecomunicações
and IEEE/ComSoc, held in São Paulo from August 9 to
13,1998. General Chairman of the ISSSTA-06, 2006 IEEE Ninth International
Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications, sponsored by EPUSP
and technically co-sponsored by: IEEE, IEEE/ComSoc,
IEE, VDE and SBrT, held in Manaus from August 28 to
31, 2006. Senior Member of IEEE since 2007
and SBrT since
2013. General co-ordinator for the cooperation
agreements between Escola Politécnica and Ericsson do Brasil,
Motorola do Brasil and Telesp-Celular,
since 1999. He was visiting professor at UPC-Universitat
Politécnica de Catalunya, Barcelona-Spain in 1995 and at TUB-Technical
University of Budapest, Hungary in 2001. He is author of more than 140
research papers published in periodicals and symposiums and the book Sistemas Telefônicos (Editora Manole, 2007). Retired
since 2017, now works as a collaborating professor.
EPUSP-Escola Politécnica da Universidade de São Paulo
PTC-Departamento de Engenharia de Telecomunicações e Controle
LCS-Laboratório de Comunicações e Sinais
Caixa Postal 61548-São Paulo-SP-Brazil
CEP 05424-970
phone: 55-11-3091-5290
fax: 55-11-3091-5718
e-mail: pjej@usp.br
homepage: http://www.lcs.poli.usp.br/~pjj
-
Communication Systems
- Wireless Communications
- Digital Telephony
- CDMA-Code Division Multiple Access
- Code Sequences for Spread Spectrum
- PTC-2549 Sistemas Telefônicos (Telephony)
- PTC-2433 Teoria das Comunicações II (Communications Theory II)
- PTC-3452 Teoria da Informação e Codificação (Information and Coding Theory)
- PTC-5710 Comunicação por Espalhamento Espectral (Spread Spectrum Communications)
- PTC-5757 Tópicos Especiais em Comunicações
Digitais (Special Topics
on Digital Communications)
- PTC-5869 Teoria Básica e Aplicações das Sequências de Códigos (Code Sequences: Theory and Applications)
TÓPICOS SOBRE A CARACTERIZAÇÃO DO DESEMPENHO DE
SISTEMAS DS-CDMA (size: 1.41M),
M. S. Dissertation, John Richard Fitzgerald Júnior,
3/1996. This master thesis
addresses and compares several possible ways to determine CDMA (Code Division
Multiple Access) systems performance, using specific and random sequences. The
main body of the work concerns DS (Direct Sequence) systems with the use of deterministic
code sequences. One evaluation method is developed using random code sequence
for comparative effects. The performance is characterized by the system’s bit
error probability considered as a quality index.
ANÁLISE DE UM SISTEMA DE COMUNICAÇÃO POR
PACOTES PARA USO EM TELEFONIA MÓVEL MICROCELULAR (size:
985K), M. S. Dissertation, José
Augusto de Lima, 1/1997. This
master thesis establishes a mobile micro cellular communications systems
characterization based on the PRMA (Packet Reservation Multiple Access)
technique. The communication support is a high bit rate metropolitan area
network for simultaneous voice and data transmission. The main performance
measure is the voice package drop probability.
SEQÜÊNCIAS DE CÓDIGOS PARA USO EM COMUNICAÇÃO
POR ESPALHAMENTO ESPECTRAL (size: 767K),
M. S. Dissertation, Angel Antonio
Gonzalez Martinez, 3/1997. This master thesis makes an exhaustive
review of code sequences families used in spread spectrum communication and a
possible choice optimization of them, when used in CDMA (Code Division Multiple
Access) systems, is studied by simulation. Families of sequences are introduced
(generated in linear and non-linear form) and their most important
characteristics exposed. The work presents also some performance indicators for
each family and an objective criterion for sequence selection.
UMA ESTRATÉGIA DE MIGRAÇÃO DE SISTEMAS DE
TELEFONIA MÓVEL COM TECNOLOGIA AMPS PARA TECNOLOGIA CDMA (size:
3.18M), M. S. Dissertation, Ronald Luís
Clarkson Eisner, 8/1997. This
master thesis studies a strategy for the transition of a mobile phone system
with FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access) technology to CDMA (Code
Division Multiple Access) in terms of interference between both systems and
increase of the subscriber capacity.
ANÁLISE DE UM MÉTODO DE AQUISIÇÃO EM DOIS
ESTÁGIOS PARA SISTEMAS DS-CDMA (size: 1.18M),
M. S. Dissertation, Ivan Roberto Santana Casella, 6/1998. This work tries to characterize the
behavior of a new proposed DS-CDMA acquisition system. This new scheme is
applied to DS-CDMA systems in which timing uncertainties between the
received and local spreading code are inside a relatively small and known
interval of the total uncertain region. Without the use of this kind of
technique, the acquisition process determines the capacity limitation of
DS-CDMA systems. Since it is possible to use a technique like this, the DS-CDMA
system capacity is limited by the bit error probability, for a specific desired
performance.
ANÁLISE DO USO DA ALOCAÇÃO DINÂMICA DE CANAIS
EM SISTEMAS DE TELEFONIA CELULAR (size: 3.34M), M. S. Dissertation,
Benedito José Barreto Fonseca Júnior, 8/1999. Fixed Channel Allocation (FCA) causes several
problems in present cellular phone systems: need for frequency planning, poor
tolerance to traffic load variations and low capacity due to low trunking efficiency and high design margins. Dynamic
Channel Allocation (DCA) is an alternative to solve these problems. This
research considers several different DCA algorithms under the same scenario,
allowing a complete analysis and comparison of their performance. Call quality
and stability are considered in detail. The impact of power control, user
mobility and limited number of transceivers in base stations are studied
separately. The application of DCA in TDMA systems and its main problems are
also studied.
ANÁLISE DE SISTEMAS
DS/CDMA DE MÚLTIPLA TAXA (size: 1.37M), M. S. Dissertation, Cyro Scarano Hemsi, 3/2000.The objective of this work is to study
multi-rate DS/CDMA systems. The work focuses on capacity and resource
optimization aspects of this system. From user specifications, as maximum
transmission power and minimum rate and quality of service (QoS) requirements
in a multi-class environment, a capacity expression is derived, which can be
optimized to result the minimum total transmission power solution or the
maximum total throughput one, as was investigated, initially for a single cell,
next for multi-cell environment. Furthermore, the work studies a
modification in the multi-rate CDMA transmission scheme (single-user detection
with all users transmitting at same time) that proposes to time schedule the
signals of delay-tolerant users and also maximize their rates in this
situation, resulting throughput gains, when compared with the conventional
transmission mode. These throughput gains were also compared with the ones
obtained with SIC (successive interference cancellation) multi-user approach,
which was also modeled in this work.
TÓPICOS SOBRE A DETERMINAÇÃO DA CAPACIDADE DE
SISTEMAS DS/CDMA (size: 1.64M),
M. S. Dissertation, Márcio Wagner Duarte Rolim,
6/2000. This master thesis
establishes the capacity of DS/CDMA systems, in particular that defined by
IS-95 standard. The determination is based on reverse channel (Mobile Unit to
Base Station) considering the following additional factors: frequency reuse
efficiency, imperfect power control, sectorization, vocal activity and soft
handoff. Each factor was statistically characterized and finally we have
obtained a general expression for the system capacity. At the end we have also
calculated the direct channel (Base Station to Mobile Unit) limitation and with
this determination we have concluded that the main limitation is on reverse
channel.
ESTUDO DE TÉCNICAS DE ALOCAÇÃO DINÂMICA DE
RECURSOS E SINCRONISMO PARA SERVIÇOS DE MULTIMÍDIA NUM SISTEMA MÓVEL CELULAR
CDMA DE BANDA LARGA (size: 540K),
M. S. Dissertation, Eduardo Meirelles Massaud, 8/2000. In this master thesis two fundamental topics in a
cellular mobile system transmission process are presented: To make them
feasible, direct sequence spread spectrum CDMA systems with transmission of
multiple parallel channels per user are analyzed to reach higher throughputs.
The relation between multimedia quality of service and limits on the number of
codes are studied and analyzed through computer simulation in some specific
cases. Parameters that make synchronization process between multimedia
documents feasible are also analyzed and delay thresholds are established to
keep the quality of services. Maximum loss information of each multimedia
services is also studied to keep end-user reproduction quality of service. Some
computer simulations of dynamic resource allocation are presented too.
CANCELADORES DE
INTERFERÊNCIA MULTIUSUÁRIO APLICADOS A SISTEMAS DS/CDMA DE MÚLTIPLA TAXA (full
size: 11.1M); or by parts:contents (size: 144K), chapter 1
(size: 152K), chapter 2 (size: 3.82M), chapter 3 (size: 1.76M), chapter 4
(size: 1.45M), chapter 5 (size: 3.17M), chapter 6 (size: 28K), annex (size:
5.13M), references (size: 63K), Ph. D. Thesis, Taufik Abrão, 4/2001. This work investigates new MuD structures for mobile DS-CDMA (Direct Sequence-Code
Division Multiple Access) communication systems in AWGN (Additive White
Gaussian Noise) and flat fading Rayleigh channels combining non-linear
Interference Cancellers (IC) to two types of multirate
access schemes: Multiple Processing Gain (MPG) and Multiple Codes (MC). The
original contributions of this work related to new MuD
structures for high capacity acting in a multirate
scenario can be synthesized as: 1- Proposal and performance determination for
five new MuD structures based on multistage parallel
and hybrid interference cancellation schemes which detect DS-CDMA signals with
different information rates; 2- Development of an analytical model for
multistage Parallel Interference Cancellers (PIC) performance determination
with hard and tanh decision detectors in AWGN and flat fading Rayleigh
channels; 3- Comparison of linear and non-linear decision detectors for
multistage PIC based receivers in a single rate scenario in AWGN and flat
fading Rayleigh channels from extensive Monte Carlo simulation.
ESQUEMAS DE MULTITAXA PARA SISTEMAS CDMA DE
BANDA LARGA (size: 996K), M.S. Dissertation, André Fagundes da Rocha, 10/2002. This work investigates DS-CDMA
cellular systems, which adopt multi-rate schemes, based on multiple modulation
formats, multiple processing gains or multiple spreading codes. The work covers
the description and modeling of these systems; a performance analysis with the
development of error bit probability expressions for AWGN and
frequency-selective Rayleigh fading channels; and the evaluation of interferent
power as a function of path loss model, cellular architecture and geometry, and
users distribution over the cells. Finally, the three systems are compared, and
advantages and disadvantages of each one are shown. This comparison includes a
performance analysis where two-application systems are investigated. It is
shown that multi-code systems have the same performance of multi
processing-gain systems, while multi-modulation systems have poor
performance at high bit rates.
ESTRUTURAS ESPAÇO-TEMPORAIS DE MÚLTIPLAS
ENTRADAS E MÚLTIPLAS SAÍDAS PARA A TRANSMISSÃO DE DADOS DE ALTA TAXA EM
SISTEMAS W-CDMA (size: 2.9M), Ph.
D. Thesis, Ivan Roberto Santana Casella,
3/2004. Future wireless
communication systems promise to offer a wide variety of multimedia services.
However, the perspectives of a great demand by the new services, and the
characteristics of demanded QoS, make essential the use of high capacity
systems with high-speed wireless access, motivating the development and the use
of new technologies. In the last few years, several structures based on recent
advances in the signal processing area have been proposed to reduce the fading
effects caused by the radio propagation channel and the different types of
wireless communication interference, thus enabling an increase of system
capacity and of wireless access speed. Traditionally, space diversity is one of
the most used techniques to combat fading, while beamforming is one of the more
effective techniques for interference suppression. Space diversity, typically
implemented by multiple transmit and/or receive antenna arrays, stands out for
enabling a reduction of the channel fading effects without necessarily
sacrificing precious frequency band resources. Beyond this, as demonstrated
recently, multiple transmit and receive antenna arrays allow a significant
increase in system capacity. On the other hand, beamforming considers that
multipath components of the desired signal and of the interfering signals
happen about the receiver with different angles, allowing an antenna array to
explore this signature space, through the adjustment of the radiation pattern
of the antenna array, to improve the desired signal and to cancel the
interfering signals. Attending to the requisites of larger capacity and higher
rates, indispensable for future wireless communication systems, we have
proposed and analyzed in this thesis different transmit and receive structures
based on the use of antenna arrays and coding techniques. We considered both
the uplink and the downlink of some different wireless communication systems,
enabling both the reduction of interference, and improvement of SNR, by
exploiting different forms of diversity.
RECEPTORES RAKE EM CANAIS COM DESVANECIMENTOS
RÁPIDOS E SELETIVOS EM FREQÜÊNCIA PARA SISTEMAS DS-CDMA (size:
2.24M), M.
S. Dissertation, Elvis Miguel Galeas
Stancanelli, 07/2004. One of the main causes that degrade the
performance of mobile communication systems is the signal fading due to the
channel characteristics variations. In this context, diversity techniques
consist in a very usual solution for CDMA systems. The Time RAKE receiver earns
eminence in the midst of diversity techniques, whose theory was presented about
half century ago, and already implemented in the first DS-CDMA standard
(IS-95). Nevertheless, in its original conception a very slow fading channel
was assumed, which don't always reflects the reality. As choice to the
non-coherent version, it is possible to exploit the signal envelope variations
as another form of diversity, which treats the fast channels through a signal
processing: it is the Doppler diversity. In this dissertation, the joint
multipath Doppler diversity is founded and analyzed, and the Time-frequency
RAKE receiver is defined and implemented through the STFT. The signal-to-noise
ratio gain with the Doppler diversity can be about 17dB for a bit error rate of
10-4 in a scenario characterized by a normalized Doppler shift around the
unity. The STFT window length can be adjusted to improve the Doppler diversity
and it can be stated that a large number of Doppler sub-channels with similar
energies is the ideal scenario. An expression that provides an approximation
for this energy allocation was also deduced. Additionally, the Doppler
diversity for some examples considering unicellular systems was evaluated, via
Monte Carlo simulations. Finally, two additional schemes were also considered:
(i) the multicode in order
to improve the Doppler diversity, preserving the information transmission rate;
(ii) and an interference canceling algorithm for the parallel channels
decoupling (channels created by the adopted multirate
scheme). Despite its larger computational complexity, in comparison with the
traditional Time RAKE approach, the Time-frequency RAKE receiver can be seen as
an attractive alternative that would deserve more research works.
MODELAGEM COMPUTACIONAL DE CANAIS DE
COMUNICAÇÃO MÓVEL (size: 4.77M), M. S. Dissertation,
Vanderlei Aparecido da Silva, 10/2004. Computational modeling is a powerful and widely
used tool for research in mobile communication systems. In such systems, the
communication channel modeling is an indispensable factor, because its mobility
and propagation characteristics can cause distortion over the transmitted
waveform. This work contains the main mathematical and computing communication
channel models. A historical cover is provided, which presents the nature of
the problem and the initial modeling of the fading phenomenon. On the other
hand, recent models are presented, which are mathematically effective and
computationally efficient. One contribution of this work is the proposal of a
new fading channel computational model, which was suitably tested and
validated. The presented models were mathematically analyzed through its
statistical properties. From numerical and computational point of view, the
models were analyzed through several simulations. The main conclusion, from analytical
and simulated results, shows that two models using frequency filtering are the
best choice for the generation of multiple uncorrelated Rayleigh fading
waveforms, where one of them is the new proposed model. This work can help
mobile communications researchers to suitably model the communication channel
in a computer simulation.
SISTEMAS CDMA MULTIPORTADORA (size: 2.35M), M. S. Dissertation, Bruno
Augusto Angélico, 5/2005. Multicarrier CDMA systems have been considered as good
candidates to integrate one of the fourth generation wireless mobile
communications standards, mainly because they are relatively robust to the
degrading effects of a mobile communication channel with high transmission
rates. The present work brings a comparative performance study of three
multicarrier CDMA systems: MC-CDMA, MC DS-CDMA orthogonal and MT-CDMA. The
results presented here are obtained analytically according to some developments
found in the literature and also by Monte Carlo simulation. The MC-CDMA system
had the best result in terms of bit error rate. However, it is important to
point out that such conclusion limits to the configurations used and the
simplifications adopted to obtain the systems performance.
METODOLOGIAS DE SELEÇÃO DE
SEQÜÊNCIAS DE ESPALHAMENTO PARA SISTEMAS DS/CDMA QUASE SÍNCRONOS (size: 2.04M), M. S. Dissertation, André Seichi Ribeiro Kuramoto, 5/2005. This work presents a study on some proposed
methods of obtaining families of appropriate sequences for the spreading
function in QS-CDMA systems. In this study, binary and poliphase
sequences and a family of ternary sequences recently proposed in the literature
are considered. Special attention is given to the families of binary sequences.
For some of these families, performance illustrations are presented in terms of
bit error rate for a QS-CDMA mobile communication system with conventional
reception in Rayleigh fading channel. Such illustrations aid the
evaluation of these families of binary sequences. In the literature they are
found few works on appropriate sequences to QS-CDMA systems with variable data
rates (multirate). In this work, it was evaluated the
use of the binary sequences previously studied in a multirate
QS-CDMA system with multiple code scheme. For the multirate
QS-CDMA system with multiples processing gains a methodology of sequence
selection was proposed. The conclusions of this work involve the classification
of the methodologies of obtaining the families of sequences in terms of:
complexity of the method, characteristic of the resulting families of
sequences, proportionate performance in a QS-CDMA system and the applicability
in a multirate QS-CDMA system.
Análise do
Controle de Potência Aplicado ao Canal Reverso de Sistemas DS-CDMA (size: 11.7M) , M. S. Dissertation,
Tadeu Júnior Gross, 7/2005. This dissertation deals with the Verhulst continuous dynamic model is
used, that was elaborated initially to describe the biological species
population growth with food and physical space restrictions, in order to
synthesize a new DPCA (Distributed Power Control Algorithm) applicable in
Direct Sequence Code Division Multiple Access (DSCDMA) systems. The associated
differential equation is discretized via the Euler method, originally used for
numerical integration. Properties of this recursive algorithm, as the Euclidean
distance of optimum power vector distance and convergence velocity, are
investigated via simulation. Numerical results are used in order to compare the
performance against two other classic DPCA algorithms: the Foschini and Miljanic, and the sigmoidal of Uykan
and Koivo. With estimation errors the proposed DPCA
has presented smaller discrepancy in comparison with the optimum vector and
also a better convergence velocity. Additionally the Gerschgorin
Circles (GC) theory was applied for the determination of sufficient conditions
for the allocation problem feasibility.
Estimativa de parâmetros de canal
para DS-CDMA baseada na decomposição em subespaços (size
1.26M) , M. S. Dissertation,
Paulo José Garcia Guimarães, 8/2005. With the development of
techniques that increase DS-CDMA capacity as MuD, it
is growing the need of accurate channel parameters estimation (signal strength,
propagation delays and carrier phase). Some articles suggest subspace-based
techniques for these parameters determination; however, papers presented so far
are focusing on algorithms development while less attention is given to the
analysis of limits and sensitivity. The objective of this dissertation is to
work on performance and sensitivity analysis of one proposed algorithm based on
subspace decomposition, focusing on practical utilization, in order to point
vulnerabilities and suggest changes that increase algorithm performance.
Proposta de transmissão de dados em redes de
telefonia celular CDMA2000 (size: 1.1 M); M. S. Dissertation,
Ediclei Alves de Oliveira, 9/2006. Mobile telephony systems have been
constantly asked for new demands of value added services. Voice traffic only is
not enough anymore to support the new needs of mobile users because nowadays
they ask for fast, cost-efficient, cheap and mobile services to support
electronic mail, videoconference or Internet access. This work presents a
method of how to determine minimum rates on traffic channels to support these
services. Considering CDMA2000 technology, an impact analysis will be made in
the air interface for these specific traffic channels. Same analysis will be
made when minimum or maximum rates are reserved for each user, also comparing
the time needed for data transmission, efficiency of the cell (useful rate /
maximum rate) and others. The conclusions of this work may allow strategies to
support data users in mobile telephony networks in such different ways, as
better cost-effective solution, specific segment of the market (i.e., to
concentrate in services with higher or lower transmission rates) or even to
foresee the amount of resources needed in a network to support a forecasted
number of users.
Sistemas
de banda ultralarga com pré-processamento (Size: 2,4 M), Ph.D. Thesis, Bruno Augusto
Angélico, 6/2010. The
channel impulse response of a typical ultra wideband
system is characterized by a large number of resolvable paths. For a efficient reception, the energy
spread over the multipath components has to be somehow combined. Considering
the downlink of a wireless personal area network, the access point is assumed
to have a good hardware capacity when compared to the portable devices of the
network, such as digital cameras, cell phones and mp3 players. This work
focuses on preprocessing schemes that are able to combine efficiently the
multipath components, and to combat self and multiuser interference without
increasing the computational cost at the receiver (portable devices)
substantially. Hence, most of the complexity is transferred to the transmitter
(access point) in such a way that the receiver needs only a conventional
detector or a conventional detector followed by a moderated complexity
processing in order to mitigate the residual interference.
Otimização
Multidimensional Baseada em Heurísticas Aplicada aos Sistemas de Comunicação
Sem Fio (Size: 6,4 M), Ph.D. Thesis, Fernando Ciriaco
Dias Neto, 03/2012. This work will perform a systematic, integrated and
iterative research of heuristic algorithms applied to parameter estimation and
multiuser detection problems, considering the performance x complexity tradeoff. The CDMA
systems with multidimensional diversity exploitation, i.e., with one or more
diversity techniques, code diversity, frequency, time and space, among other,
in multipath fading channel scenarios are considered. The integrated solution
for parameter estimation and multiuser detection problem uses heuristic
techniques in recurrent form. In addition, we intend to establish a systemic
and comparative analysis of convergence and computational complexity of the
proposal detection technique with some other methods, heuristic or
deterministic, reported in the literature, considering the number of
computational operations that each strategy requires for simultaneous detection
from all active users as a performance metrics. Finally, and most importantly,
this work systematizes the heuristic algorithms approach in the optimization
problems process already mentioned, considering the thresholds for performance
and complexity of these techniques, bringing the scientific community enough
configuration parameters that must be respected in the setup algorithms step to
guarantee satisfactory results when using these methods to multiuser detection
with multidimensional diversity and parameter estimation problems.
EFICIÊNCIA ENERGÉTICA E CAPACIDADE:
ESTRATÉGIAS DE ALOCAÇÃO DE RECURSOS EM REDES SEM FIO DE MÚLTIPLO ACESSO (Size: 4.76 Mb). Ph.D. Thesis,
Lucas Dias Hiera Sampaio, 05/2015. This work investigates the spectrum
and power allocation problems in wire-less multiple access networks and seven
different solutions to different scenarios and topologies, which are enumerated
as follows. Three distinct solutions are presented to the energy efficiency
maximization problem in multicarrier direct sequence code division multiple
access cooperative: two game theoretic approaches, one using the iterative
water-filling algorithm (1) and another one using the distributed power control
algorithm based on Verhulst equilibrium concept (2), and a third solution also
based on the last algorithm but considering the average channel power gain (3);
an heuristic approach using the firefly algorithm (4) and the particle swarm
optimization algorithm (5). In orthogonal frequency division multiple access
networks, optimization problems considering a statistical quality of service
metric were analyzed: the first one is the effective capacity maximization, which
was solved through Lagrange dual decomposition method (6). The second one, in
which the objective is to maximize the effective energy efficiency was
addressed and solution based on the Dinkelbah method
and further application of Lagrange dual decomposition was developed (7).
Simulations were conducted to verify the proposed approaches performance and,
whenever possible, the numerical results were compared to previous solution
proposed in the literature.
Brazil, Hungary, USP,
EPUSP, LCS,
Technological Innovation